The main argument of the present paper is that the IDENTITY conditi6n of Iranian society is not critical rather the society faces some IDENTITY problems. Some thinkers have offered ECLECTIC and synthesized IDENTITY as solution to these IDENTITY problems - which are wrongly interpreted as IDENTITY crisis. The present paper is an attempt to study those solutions and critically evaluate them. The ECLECTIC identification is compatible with the historical-social requirements of the recent stage of growth of modernism, that is, postmodernism. Hence, this kind of identification is incompatible with the truth of the historical-social IDENTITY of Iran which surfaced in the course of the Islamic Revolution and developed after the revolution.

The problem of personal IDENTITY among others may stem from the following question—what does be the person that you are, from one day to the next, necessarily consist of? The diachronic problem of personal IDENTITY raises question on the necessary and sufficient conditions for the IDENTITY of the person over time. The synchronic problem is grounded in the question of what features or traits characterize a given person at one time. To answer these questions, John Locke discarded the soul and the body as necessary and sufficient substances for personal IDENTITY over time. He accepted consciousness as the only criterion for personal IDENTITY; the only thing capable of remaining the same and preserving personal IDENTITY through change. Though Locke’s argument is somewhat clear and coherent but what remains vague and incoherent is embedded in the question—what exactly is consciousness? How and why should it be the basis or criterion for the determination of personal IDENTITY? Using the method of critical analysis, I argue that Locke’s choice of consciousness as the determinant of personal IDENTITY, though quite novel, is incoherent and vague. Secondly, Locke had already presumed and anticipated clearly though fallaciously the very thing he wishes to substantiate. I therefore conclude that Locke’s argument is just another way of trying to escape but inadvertently prolonging the difficulty of apparently articulating a distinction between the psychological approach and physiological approach to the problem of personal IDENTITY. However, in my submission, I propose the concept of the “other” as alternative approach— a sort of an extrinsic-intrinsic approach to the problem of personal IDENTITY.

To survey and elaborate on the ends of religious government so as to improve our perception and make a fair judgment of it sounds to be essential. There have been diversity of approaches regarding this issue; Material approach, Expressive approach and ECLECTIC approach are just a few.After examining the above-mentioned approaches, the present article defends the ECLECTIC approach and then elaborates on it by making reference to the holy Quran and Ahlul Bayt’s traditions and finally proves that the religious government seeks after two ends:1. material perfection and 2. Spiritual perfection, which are equally considered as the main ends for religious government; the former is the way to the latter which is counted as the ultimate goal.

The current research was conducted with the aim of the effect of attachment style on emotion regulation with the mediating role of IDENTITY style. The research method was descriptive and structural equation analysis. The statistical population of the research was all second year high school students of Kashan city in the academic year of 1400-1401, of which 500 people were selected by random cluster method. Data were collected based on three questionnaires: Gross & Jan (2003) Emotional Regulation Inventory, IDENTITY Style Scale (6G-ISI) and Collins and Reid (1990) Attachment Style Questionnaire. The data are obtained by structural equation modeling and using Laserl 8.8 and 26 spss software. analyzed. Based on the results, secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01, avoidant attachment style at a significance level of 0.05, and ambivalent attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 directly predicted emotion regulation. Among the three attachments, secure attachment style predicted emotion regulation at a significant level of 0.01, with the mediation of IDENTITY styles. Informational IDENTITY style at a significance level of 0.01, confused IDENTITY style at a significance level of 0.05 directly predicted emotion regulation. Among the three attachments, only the secure attachment style at a significance level of 0.01 had a significant role in predicting the normative IDENTITY style. According to the results of this study, emotion regulation is one of the most important constructs of educational psychology and an important factor in determining mental health and successful performance. It is in education that the factors affecting emotion regulation and its antecedents should be identified. Planning for training and holding educational workshops in this field in schools is suggested for students.

Since in post-revolution years the inclination toward traditional forms (types of traditional theater) has increased, some of playwrights have tried to create, by integrating one or more elements in each theater form, their own ECLECTIC form. Quality and quantity of this process is a noteworthy subject in the history and critique of contemporary theatre literature.This study mainly focuses on how plot expression is originated from ECLECTICism of two different forms, namely Iranian traditional theater form and Western theater one. According to morphology theory of Iranian theater the ninth form, i.e. "ECLECTIC theater", was chosen and analyzed in Iranian plays.The form and content of ECLECTIC plays of 1981-2001, above all, are analyzed; then, after the selection of a considerable number of such works, the concept of "researching criticism" of ECLECTIC form in Iranian theater literature is paid attention to.What, in fact, have motivated us to do research into the ECLECTIC plays were the formal and content elements in Iranian theater forms, especially ECLECTIC one; it is, of course, followed by "researching criticism".ECLECTIC form is an innovation which has provided us with the possibility of progressing and moving forward in the realm of play-writing in Iran, author holds. Being familiar with ECLECTICism, too, helps the contemporary theater literature in Iran.

The notion of culture has been discussed in modern science, but there is no discussion on the cultural issues because modern science claims neutrality. In this article, we show definitions of the concepts of episteme and paradigm, then we show change of paradigm is the cause of episteme changing. We introduce the three significant paradigms of the antique, modern, and post-modern eras and use them to introduce the corresponding epistemes which are "self-centrism", "altruism" and "virtual reality", respectively. In this manuscript, we also will see that cultural issue is a result of thinking contradiction which happens when a paradigm changes more quickly than episteme. This contradictory thinking is a consequence of incompatible mixing of old episteme and new paradigm which can be found in the new civilizational instruments. We show that thinking contradiction causes a kind of self-alienation. Finally, we conclude that the first step to finding a solution for the cultural problems is to recognize this contradiction. Explaining the philosophy of cultural issues is crucial to confront social abnormalities.

The aim of this study is to design a nursing home in District 22 of Tehran using an ECLECTIC architectural approach to meet the psychological, social, and physical needs of the elderly. This applied research adopts a descriptive-analytical method using library, documentary, and field-based data. Theoretical and psychological foundations related to aging and elderly care environments were collected from academic sources. Then, through the analysis of domestic and international case studies and the climatic assessment of District 22, site planning was carried out. A physical program was also developed for 250 residents, covering residential, therapeutic, rehabilitation, administrative, service, and cultural spaces, based on architectural standards. Field analysis and the development of the physical program indicated that ECLECTIC architecture, due to its flexibility in form, color, and stylistic combinations, effectively addresses the multidimensional needs of the elderly. SWOT analysis confirmed that District 22 is climatically and environmentally suitable for such a project. The design of interactive spaces, green areas, integration of nostalgic and modern elements, and spatial variety play a key role in enhancing elderly residents’ sense of safety, independence, social interaction, and quality of life. The results show that using an ECLECTIC architectural approach in nursing home design can promote mental health, increase life expectancy, and reduce social isolation in the elderly. This style allows architects to combine climatic, psychological, and cultural principles to create more humane and adaptive environments.

The first part of this article argues that ECLECTICism should be a universal characteristic of all language teaching endeavors, because the two main determiners of teaching methodology are multiple: the brain is multimodal in learning and acquiring and languages are multidimensional and multifunctional in parallel veins. So, while linguistic and neurological phenomena are kaleidoscopic in nature, it is absurd to insist on unimodal presentation and treatment. But, because we do not have a fully-fledged multimodal method of language teaching, the logical conclusion that teachers should commit themselves to the use of multimodal/multimethod teaching boils down, it is claimed, to exploiting the potentiality of several methods of language teaching so that the brain and language are more securely represented.Having hinted at neurological and linguistic research findings and having established that ECLECTICism and multiplicity is necessary, the article, in the second part, zeros in on one of the learning theories that claim to take multimodality of the brain into account. This part of the article is a report on an analysis done on eight established methods in the light of multiple intelligences theory criteria. The purpose is to show the degree to which each method is multiple and reveal the modality or modalities of learning each method is principally concerned with. The results of the analysis for the state of multiplicity and modality foci of these methods are presented and discussed.